| Answer: Answer: During warfare,
Islam has prescribed certain ethical principles that every believing
combatant must comply with. These principals entail that old men, women and
children not be killed. Also, trees must not be burnt and standing crops
should not be destroyed. As Anas Ibn Mālik narrates:
The Prophet (sws) said: Go
in Allah’s name, trusting in Allah, and adhering to the religion of Allah’s
apostle. Do not kill a decrepit old man, a young infant, a child or a woman.
Do not be dishonest about booty but collect your spoils, do right and act
well, for Allah loves those who act well. (Abū Dā’ūd, No: 2608)
However, if a warrior is
guilty of overruling any of these principles, he will be dealt with
according to the nature of the crime that he has committed. Thus, if he
kills an innocent person of the enemy country deliberately, he will stand
susceptible to the punishment prescribed for the intentional murder i.e.
Qisās or payment of Diyat if the plaintiff chooses to accept it (2:178-9).
And if the victim is a believer of the enemy country and has been murdered
unintentionally, the murderer will have to fast for two consecutive months
(4:92-3). Both types of cases shall be considered in a proper court of law
in the country for whom the criminal has been fighting and no individual has
the authority to take the law into his own hands. It is worthwhile to
mention that the Sharī‘ah has not prescribed any punishment for the case
where a non-Muslim of the enemy country is killed unintentionally. Thus,
this matter and other crimes, for instance vandalism, shall be dealt with
according to what the government or the international human rights bodies
legislate in this regard. As an obvious fact, a combatant should not be held
responsible for killing an old man or woman who was actively taking part in
the war. |